As cancer described by Pierre Darmon, AIDS has been considered by some authors as a disease of modern civilization. Challenging the role of the HIV retrovirus in the development of this syndrome, they indiscriminately put the blame on different dysfunctional aspects of modern society. Among those, food is the most criticized. Artificial feeding would be the cause of the most serious among diseases, and going back to “natural” nutrition would suffice to prevent it. The claim to return to a primeval “natural” human being, free of the artifices of civilization, conveys the idea of a benevolent, maternal Nature, the one experienced by man before the Fall.